10.31806/2542-1158-2019-3-4-24-32
Kirillov Alexey Konstantinovich
Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management
Abstract. The author draws reader’s attention to the peasant migration from the European Russia to Siberia between the emancipation of serfs and the fall of the Romanovs’ dynasty. The peak of this process at 1906-1911 is known as Stolypin’s migration. Until now historians would consider it primarily as a more or less successful struggle of a man against wild nature. But it is the social conflict (clashes between migrants and old dwellers) that the author puts in the first place. The articles sums up the first experience of applying the case study method to the conflicts between Siberian old dwellers and migrants. The six cases chosen cover the period of 1880s – 1910s. The materials have been found in the archival fund of the Tomsk region governor’s office. Complaints of old dwellers against newcomers, complaints of migrants against old dwellers, responses to the both from the governor’s office, opinions of officials of different ranks and other relevant documents constitute the basis that made it possible to reveal the mechanism of the conflict’s development in each of the six cases. It is for the first time that all of the cases are given a general overview; as result, some unexpected effects are found and explained. What appears surprising is the abundance of conflicts at the early stage of 1880s – 1890s when migrants’ number was far from that of Stolypin’s years. This effect can be explained by specific features of the migration mechanism of that period: namely, the cooperation of migrants and old dwellers which provoked further conflicts. It is not only the logic of migration processes but also the life of Russian peasant of the early 20th century that can be understood through a scrupulous study of relations between migrants and old dwellers.
Keywords: migrants and old dwellers; Russian peasantry at the early 20th century; settling of Siberia; chain migration.
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