10.31806/2542-1158-2019-3-1-54-7

Krivonogov Victor Pavlovich

Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Abstract. Studies, conducted twice – in 1992 and 2002, showed the nature and dynamics of the ethnic processes among the Enets people of Taimyr. The main part of the Enets people lives in two villages – Potapovo and Vorontsovo, but recently more and more Enets people leave these villages and spread over Taimyr due to migrations. The villages themselves have mixed ethnic composition where the Enets people are a minority. This determines the nature of the ethnic processes – Enets people are progressively forgetting their language and traditional culture and switching to the Russian language. A breakthrough of endogamy is observed in the Enets families – most of them have mixed national composition, often with the Nenets, but also with other nationalities: Russians, Dolgans, Evenks, etc. Less than a third part of children from the mixed families is defined as the Enets people, however, people of mixed origin are the majority among the Enets people and almost all the children and young people are half-castes. Lately the number of Enets people has grown mainly due to restoration of the ethnic identity of the mixed Nenets-Enets population (until recently all Enets people were officially recorded as Nenets). However, this source of growth has been exhausted by now, and an unfavorable birth-to-death ratio, as well as non-Enets orientation of most children in the mixed families, can stop the growth and lead to reduction of the population.

Keywords: Enets, ethnic processes, ethnic demography, language processes, ethnical self-identification, mixed marriages, miscegenation.

Get access to the full version of this article

References

Васильев В.И. Ненцы и энцы Таймырского национального округа // Преобразования в хозяйстве и культуре и этнические процессы у народов Севера. М., 1970.

Васильев В.И. Проблемы формирования северо-самодийских народностей. М., 1979.

Васильев В.И. Этнические процессы на Нижнем Енисее: К вопросу об этнической самобытности современных энцев //ПИИЭ, 1977, М., 1979.

Долгих Б.О. Очерки по этнической истории ненцев и энцев. М., 1970.

Долгих Б.О. Энцы // Народы Сибири. М.;Л., 1956.

Кривоногов В.П. Этносоциальная ситуация у энцев // Этносоциальные процессы в Сибири. Вып.1. Новосибирск, 1997. EDN: ECBSWQ

Кривоногов В.П. Этнические процессы у малочисленных народов Средней Сибири. Красноярск, 1998. EDN: UHDJAP

Кривоногов В.П. Энцы в начале XXI века // Этносы Сибири, ч.2. Красноярск, 2004. EDN: VQJVSJ

Кривоногов В.П. Народы Таймыра в начале XXI века Красноярск, 2007. EDN: UEDSZT

Кривоногов В.П. Этнодемографические процессы и метисация у энцев // Гуманитарные науки в Сибири, № 3, 2005. Новосибирск. EDN: XPYRED

Кривоногов В.П. Этнические процессы у энцев //Этнографическое обозрение, 1998, № 2. EDN: TTCILP