DOI: 10.31806/2542-1158-2026-10-2-114-120
УДК 94(470)
Alekseev M.S.1
1 Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Yakutsk, Russia.
Abstract. The article examines the role of the Institute of Mining Police Officers as an important part of the system of state supervision over the gold-mining industry in the Olekminsk-Vitim system of the Yakut Region in the second half of the nineteenth century. It shows that the establishment and functioning of the Institute of Mining Police Officers under the auspices of the Yakut Regional Administration took place during a period of active development of the gold-mining industry in the region. The evolution of the legal status of the institute is traced, from the establishment of the position to the legal consolidation of the officers’ powers. Based on documentary archival sources, the article reveals the practical role of mining police officers in regulating socio-economic processes in gold mining. It examines the broad range of their duties, which included not only direct supervision of compliance with gold-mining legislation, but also the suppression of gold theft, illegal alcohol trade, and other offenses. The duties of mining police officers included supervising production reports and working conditions, regulating prices in mining shops, issuing permits for the import of alcohol, collecting duties, and accompanying workers during their mass movement. The article also examines the role of Cossack detachments within the mining police structure, which were subordinate to mining police officers, as well as the system for financing their activities. It is concluded that mining police officers served as a link between the regional administration and economic entities in the gold-mining industry, ensuring the exercise of the managerial powers of the Yakut Regional Administration in the mining territories.
Keywords: CHIEF OF MINING POLICE, GOLD MINES, MINING SYSTEMS, REGIONAL GOVERNMENT, CHARTER, MINING
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