УДК 94[551.345]“195/198
IN THE INTERESTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOVIET ARCTIC: GEOCRYOLOGICAL STUDY OF POLAR YAKUTIA IN THE 1950–1980S.
Alexander A. Suleymanov
The Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, Siberian branch of the RAS, Yakutsk, Russia
Abstract. The article presents a pioneering historical analysis of the activities of geocryologists in the scientific support of the processes of transport and industrial development of the Arctic regions of Yakutia during the period of intensification of their industrial development. In this regard, mainly on the basis of the archival materials found in the collections of the Archive of the Institute of Plant and Mathematical History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the RGAE, including those introduced into scientific circulation for the first time by the author, the most representative research initiatives of the corresponding profile, implemented during the 1950s–1980s, were identified. The characteristics of the personal composition of their participants are presented, which were affiliated mainly with two academic institutions: the Institute of Permafrost Science named after. V.A. Obruchev of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (Moscow) and the Institute of Permafrost Science of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Yakutsk). The geography of the work carried out is shown, which covered: the region of the delta of the river. Lena, the shelf zone of the East Siberian Sea, the basin of the river. Indigirka, the lower reaches of the Kolyma, as well as the river. Yana. The main directions and results of the research carried out have been established. Some of them were devoted to optimizing the process of developing mineral deposits, taking into account the continuous distribution of permafrost rocks in the area. These works included not only the determination of the permafrost situation, but also, for example, the search for more efficient methods of geological exploration, the possibility of increasing the duration of the mining season. Researchers contributed to improving the sustainability of buildings and structures being built in Polar Yakutia, as well as transport infrastructure facilities. In addition, research was carried out aimed at improving the quality of life of the population of the region, whose number has increased significantly due to the implementation of a number of industrial projects.
Keywords: Arctic, Yakutia, permafrost, geocryology, field research, USSR Academy of Sciences.
For citation: Сулейманов, А. А. В интересах индустриального освоения Советской Арктики: геокриологическое изучение Заполярной Якутии в 50-80-е гг. ХХ в / А. А. Сулейманов // Северные Архивы и Экспедиции. – 2023. – Т. 7, № 1. – С. 180-190. – EDN PISAYC.
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