SPATIAL TURN IN STUDIES OF THE CULTURES OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

DOI: 10.31806/2542-1158-2022-6-1-272-279

Reznikova Ksenia Vyacheslavovna

Siberian Federal University

Abstract. This article is devoted to the consideration of the features of the spatial turn in relation to the study of the cultures of the indigenous peoples of the North. It has become possible to talk about cultural turns, including the spatial turn, since the 1960s, when global theoretical generalizations, models explaining the structure, genesis or functioning of culture practically ceased to appear in the sciences of culture; an increase in the amount of data that is of interest to researchers has also become a sign of the times; at this time, there was also the rise of social movements, which entailed, among other things, criticism of the now traditional Western science with its ideologies and methodologies. The consequence of these changes, among other things, was the deployment of more than ten different turns. Pluralism became the basis of cognitive turns, which manifested itself, among other things, in the refusal to recognize Western scientific theories and methodologies as the only true and worthwhile ones, and to stop focusing on Western cultural processes. Within the framework of cognitive turns, it became possible to turn to previously non-canonical or even taboo objects of research. Cognitive turns imply interdisciplinarity of research, including not only the involvement of methods from different disciplines, but also the invention of new approaches and procedures for data analysis, including the mixing of previously uncrossed methods. The spatial turn refuses to centralize the temporal, emancipating space, one of the basic categories for the cultures of the indigenous peoples of the North. This article discusses the genesis of the relationship between the categories “space” and “time”; basic approaches to understanding space; typology of spaces; goals, categories and methods of spatial rotation.

Keywords: spatial turn, cultural turns, cognitive turns, Lefebvre, Foucault, Bauman, indigenous peoples.

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