DOI: 10.31806/2542-1158-2021-5-1-153-164
УДК 94[551.345]“194/195”
In the beginning: from the history of expeditions to study of cryogenic processes and phenomena in the Arctic regions of Yakutia 1947–1951
Suleymanov Alexander Albertovich
The Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, Siberian branch of the RAS
Abstract. The article is based on the analysis of scientific literature and archival materials including those introduced by the author for the first time into scientific circulation. The article reconstructs the history expeditionary studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences during 1947-1951 in the Arctic regions of Yakutia; they were aimed at studying the permafrost, fossil and sea ice. In this regard, it was established that the initiatives were organized and implemented by the Obruchev Permafrost Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and the Yakutsk research permafrost station (Yakutsk), which is part of it. The geography of the identified surveys was determined, which mainly covered the Lena delta, the coast and the waters of the Laptev Sea, the Yano-Indigirka interfluve, the Sannikov Strait and the East Siberian Sea. The most important results of the activities of the participants of the Northern Expedition of 1947-1948 are presented and the expedition on the icebreaker “Krasin” in 1948 are presented. Special attention is paid to the work of the Northern team of the Yakutsk research permafrost station in 1951, the results obtained during which actually became the basis for the first large-scale geocryological initiative in the Arctic regions of Yakutia – Expedition No. 1 of the Obruchev Permafrost Institute 1952-1953. It was found that the investigations considered laid the foundation for a systematic geocryological study of the region and were of significant importance both for identifying the regional specifics of the course of cryogenic processes, including determining the depth of seasonal thawing of frozen soils and their temperature regime, and for the development of geocryological science in general, improving methods and approaches to knowledge high latitudes.
Keywords: Arctic, Yakutia, permafrost, USSR Academy of Sciences, geocryology, ice, expeditions.
For citation: Сулейманов, А. А. В начале пути: из истории экспедиционных исследований по изучению криогенных процессов и явлений в арктических районах Якутии 1947-1951 гг / А. А. Сулейманов // Северные Архивы и Экспедиции. – 2021. – Т. 5, № 1. – С. 153-164. – DOI 10.31806/2542-1158-2021-5-1-153-164. – EDN DJCWYQ.
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